Signals by authorised persons

Signals used by authorised persons, including police officers, arm signals to persons controlling traffic, Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency officers and traffic officers and school crossing patrols.

Police officers

Stop

Traffic approaching from the front

Traffic approaching from the front

Traffic approaching from both front and behind

Traffic approaching from both front and behind

Traffic approaching from behind

Traffic approaching from behind

To beckon traffic on

From the side

From the side

From the front

From the front

From behind*

From behind*

*In Wales, bilingual signs appear on emergency services vehicles and clothing

Arm signals to persons controlling traffic

I want to go straight on

I want to go straight on

I want to turn left; use either hand

I want to turn left; use either hand

I want to turn right

I want to turn right

Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency officers and traffic officers

Traffic officer

Traffic officer

DVSA officer

DVSA officer

These officers now have new powers to stop/direct vehicles and will be using hand signals and light signals similar to those used by police. You MUST obey any signals given (see Rules 107 and 108).

School crossing patrols

Not ready to cross pedestrians

Not ready to cross pedestrians

Barrier to stop pedestrians crossing

Barrier to stop pedestrians crossing

Ready to cross pedestrians, vehicles must be prepared to stop

Ready to cross pedestrians, vehicles must be prepared to stop

All vehicles must stop

All vehicles must stop

Site Editorial Note: The explanations and Theory Test tips below are prepared by our editorial team based on the Highway Code. For official rules, always check the current Highway Code.

Signals by Authorised Persons: What You Need to Know for the Theory Test

The key skill is recognising who is controlling traffic, understanding the direction of the signal and obeying it even when it differs from normal traffic lights or signs.

POLICE SIGNALS

Read the officer's position

A police officer's signals are understood according to the direction from which traffic is approaching. The same arm position can have different meanings for traffic approaching from the front, behind or side.

WHAT TO DO

Obey the signal, not your assumption

If an authorised person is directing traffic, follow their signal and instructions. Do not continue simply because a traffic light or road sign appears to suggest otherwise.

THEORY TEST

Traffic approaching from the front

Learn the officer's arm positions from the driver's viewpoint. Theory Test questions may deliberately describe the direction from which you are approaching.

POLICE SIGNALS

Know when traffic must stop

The officer can signal traffic approaching from different directions to stop. The important test point is to identify which traffic flow the signal applies to.

BECKON SIGNAL

A beckon means proceed when directed

A police officer may beckon traffic on from the side, front or behind. Move only when the signal is clearly directed at your traffic flow and it is safe to proceed.

THEORY TEST

Do not confuse stop and beckon

Questions can show an officer's position and ask whether you should stop or proceed. Focus first on the officer's signal and the direction of your vehicle.

ARM SIGNALS

Know the driver's intended movement

Arm signals to persons controlling traffic can indicate going straight on or turning left or right. These signals are about the movement the driver wants to make.

DVSA & TRAFFIC OFFICERS

Their signals must be obeyed

DVSA officers and traffic officers can stop or direct vehicles. Their hand and light signals must be treated seriously and followed when given.

THEORY TEST

Who can direct your vehicle?

Do not assume only police officers can control traffic. Theory Test questions may test your response to signals from other authorised traffic controllers.

SCHOOL CROSSING PATROLS

Know the different stages

School crossing patrol signals show whether pedestrians are not ready, are being stopped by the barrier, are ready to cross or whether vehicles must stop.

WHAT TO DO

Be prepared to stop

When a school crossing patrol is preparing pedestrians to cross, reduce your speed and be ready to stop. If the signal requires vehicles to stop, you must stop.

THEORY TEST

School crossing patrols are a common trap

Do not treat a school crossing patrol as ordinary pedestrian behaviour. Learn the meaning of the stop signal and recognise when vehicles are required to stop.

Site Editorial Note: This is an editorial Theory Test revision summary, not a replacement for the official Highway Code.

Remember Before the Theory Test

POLICE SIGNALS Read the signal according to the direction you are approaching from: front, behind or side.
AUTHORISED PERSON Obey clear instructions from authorised traffic controllers, even when normal road signals appear different.
STOP A stop signal applies to the traffic flow indicated by the officer. Identify who the signal is directed at.
BECKON Proceed only when an authorised person clearly beckons your traffic flow and it is safe to move.
ARM SIGNALS Learn the signals for going straight on and turning left or right.
DVSA & TRAFFIC OFFICERS Their authorised hand and light signals directing traffic must be obeyed.
SCHOOL CROSSING Recognise when pedestrians are preparing to cross and when the signal requires vehicles to stop.
THEORY TEST TRAP Do not identify a signal by the arm position alone. First work out the direction from which you are approaching.
Site Editorial Note: These comparisons are editorial explanations designed to highlight common Theory Test traps. They are not official Highway Code wording.

Don't Mix These Up on the Theory Test

Signals from authorised persons can look similar, but the correct response depends on who is giving the signal, your direction of approach and the movement being controlled.

Police stop signal
Traffic must stop
vs
Beckon signal
Remember
Stop means remain stopped; a beckon directs your traffic flow to proceed when it is safe.
Signal from the front
Officer faces your approach
vs
Signal from behind
Remember
The meaning depends on where you are in relation to the officer, not simply on the arm position.
Police officer
Directs traffic
vs
Traffic officer / DVSA officer
Remember
Do not assume only police can stop or direct vehicles. Follow authorised signals from the relevant traffic officials.
Arm signal
Indicates intended movement
vs
Stop signal
Remember
Arm signals can communicate going straight or turning; do not confuse them with signals requiring traffic to stop.
School crossing patrol
Controls pedestrian crossing
vs
Ordinary pedestrian
Remember
A school crossing patrol uses specific signals. When the stop signal is given, vehicles must stop.
Normal traffic lights
Automatic traffic control
vs
Authorised person
Remember
When an authorised person is directing traffic, follow their instructions rather than relying on your normal expectation from the lights.
Site Editorial Note: These FAQs are written by our editorial team to explain the Highway Code and support Theory Test preparation. Always check the current Highway Code for official rules.

Signals by Authorised Persons: Theory Test FAQ

What should I do when a police officer signals me to stop?

Stop as directed by the officer and do not continue simply because another traffic signal appears to allow you to proceed.

Why does the direction I am approaching from matter?

Police arm signals are interpreted according to whether traffic is approaching from the front, behind or side. This is a common Theory Test point.

What does a police officer's beckoning signal mean?

It directs the relevant traffic to move on. Proceed only when the signal clearly applies to you and it is safe to do so.

What are arm signals to persons controlling traffic used for?

They communicate a driver's intended movement, including going straight on or turning left or right, to a person controlling traffic.

Can traffic officers stop or direct vehicles?

Yes. Traffic officers and DVSA officers have powers to stop or direct vehicles and may use hand or light signals. Their authorised signals must be obeyed.

What should drivers know about school crossing patrol signals?

The signals show different stages of the crossing process. When the patrol gives the signal requiring vehicles to stop, drivers must stop and allow the crossing to take place safely.

What is the most important Theory Test tip for police signals?

Do not memorise an arm position in isolation. First identify where the officer is relative to your vehicle and which traffic flow the signal is controlling.

Should I follow an authorised person's signal if it conflicts with a traffic light?

When an authorised person is directing traffic, you should follow their instructions and signals. Theory Test questions often test whether you recognise this priority.

What is the difference between a stop signal and a beckoning signal?

A stop signal requires the relevant traffic to stop. A beckoning signal directs that traffic to proceed when safe. Identifying which movement is being controlled is the key test skill.